Nanotechnology its types, applications and examples in 2025

Introduction

Nanotechnology involves manipulating atoms and molecules to give structure with new chemicals and physical properties. Nanotechnology devices have a wide range of applications such as electronics, medical, textiles and more. These devices have a typically have a scale of fewer than 100 nanometers (nm). A nanometer is a very small unit of measurements equal to one billionth of meters.

What is Nanotechnology?

Nano technology refers to the practice of manipulating atoms and molecules at the nanoscale, which is between 1 and 100 nanometers. By makings alternations at the atomic level, researchers can transform the chemical and physical properties of a substance. This can lead to new macrotechnologies with enhanced properties, including greater endurance and increased conductivity.

Examples of Nanotechnology

There are many examples of nanotechnology used in everyday life. Some of the most common applications include:

Clothing

Some clothing, such as outdoor gear and athletic wear can contain nanomaterials that can make them more durable and water-resistant.

Cosmetics

Some cosmetics, like foundations and moisturizers can contain nanoparticles that can help to improve the product textures and appearance.

Furniture

Manufactures create more light weight yet durable furniture with nanomaterials. Nanomaterials can also increase the endurance of furniture’s colors.

Electronics

We use nanomaterials in Smartphone’s, laptops and televisions. Nanomaterials help to improve various properties of these devices such as conductivity, strength and durability.

Automotive

Automotive manufactures are experimenting with nanomaterials to make car coats more wear-resistant and enables cars to heal scratches in their own.

Application of Nanotechnology

Some application of nanotechnology is given below:

Application of Nanotechnology in medicine

Nanotechnology has wide-ranging application as nanomedicine in the medical field. Some nanoparticles have possible applications in novel diagnostics instruments, pharmaceutical products, biomedical implants and tissue engineering. Today treatments of high toxicity can be administrated with improved safety using nanotechnology, such as chemotherapeutic cancers drugs. Biomedicine can be utilized for therapies with predictive analytics and artificial intelligence. For carrying out study, application of Nanotechnology in medicine from Scopus, ResearchGate and others research platforms are identified.

Nanotechnology and drug discoveries are so vast and extensive. Nanomedicine has undergone impressive modifications, pushing the drug to new levels with significant health care outcomes. The quality of nanotechnology and nanoparticles are improved and shown encouraging results. Gene therapy has also taken advantage of nano drug. There is a need to study the significant capabilities of nanotechnology in healthcare. In medicine, extensive research is ongoing into best practices and methodologies.

The healthcare revolution is driven by nanotechnology that emphasizes preventive population health management. Nanotechnology helps to resolve the problems of focused treatment administration and reduce the danger of side effects. Nanomedicine is the most capable use of nanorobotics. The development of most effected medicine improved gadget is predicted to lead to nanomedicine. This technology offers numerous benefits and whole cases of current drugs.

Applications of Nanotechnology in electronics

Nanotechnology in electronics devices gives us the ability to improve the functionalities of electronics. Moreover, it also reduces their weight and power consumption. Nanotechnology in electronics devices enhances the display screens of electrical devices. This entails lowering power usage while also reducing screen weight and thickness. In electronics devices, nanotechnology is the branch of research and invention. It focuses on creating things on the scale of atoms and molecules. These are materials and gadgets. Nanotechnology is having the ability to boost energy efficiency. It can also help to clean the environment.

The use of nanotechnology in electronics components makes nanoelctronics. These parts are only a few nanometers in size. But as electrical components become smaller, and they become more difficult to fabricate. Nanotechnology in electronics devices encompasses a wide range of materials. These materials are also small that physical effects alter the properties of materials on a nanoscale. Inter-atomics interactions quantum mechanical properties are important in the operations of these devices.

Nanoelctronics uses nanotechnology in electronic component. The goal of nanoelectronics is to process, send and keep information. It does so by utilizing matters features that are distinct from macroscopic properties. Mobile phone castings are the good examples of nanoelectronics. Nanotechnology finds application in printed electronics for RFID, smart cards and smart packaging. It also serves the purpose of realistic video games flexible displays for e-books. Smart panel’s nanotechnology finds application in many contemporary TVs.

Application of Nanotechnology in energy

Nanotechnology application in energy aims to increase generation efficiency, improve storage capabilities and reduce consumptions and environmental impacts. Nanotechnology is being used in energy sector to develop new and improved energy technologies, such as solar cells, solar energy, fuel cells etc. Nanotechnology provides the potential to enhance energy efficiency across all branches of industry and to economically leverage renewable energy production through new technological solutions and optimized production technologies.

Commonly used Nanomaterials in energy

Graphene-based materials

Graphene is an allotrope of carbon that exists as two-dimensional sheets of carbon atoms organized in a hexagonal lattice. A family of graphene related materials called “Graphenes”. Graphene emerged as promising materials for energy storage because of several properties such as low weight and low price. The most important chemically derived graphene is graphene oxide. Graphene oxide can be obtained by reacting graphite with strong oxidizers.

The properties of graphene depend on the method of fabrication. Fabrication is the constructions of items from different parts using at least one of the range of processes and materials such as metal, wood and others solid surface materials . Graphene has great potential in the modification of sulphar cathode for high performance Li-S batteries. Carbon materials, which have high electrical conductivity and variable structures, are extensively used in the modification of sulphar.

Types of nanotechnology

There are four main types of nanotechnology:

1.     Top-down: This move toward the reduction of materials to the nanometer scale from larger structure. It starts with the macro-scale materials and applies fabrications techniques such as lithography and electron beam etching, to shape and manipulate the materials to the nanometer scale. This approach is common in the fabrication of electronic devices and microchips.

 

Bottom-up: Based of this type of nanotechnology, structures and materials are built from individual’s atoms and molecules, assembling the components on the nanometer scale to form larger, more complex structure. Examples include molecular self assembly, chemical vapor deposition and nanomaterials synthesis.

 

2.     Dry: Dry nanotechnology involves the manipulation and fabrication of nanometer materials and structures in a dry environment, where liquids are not present. Techniques such as physical vapors deposition and laser ablation are used to fabricate nanoscale devices and structures in the materials. Such as coal and some metals that don’t operate with moisture.

 

3.     Wet: Wet nanotechnology is that which uses elements that operate in an aqueous environment. It involves the manipulation and fabrication of nanometric materials and structures in the presence of liquids such as water and others solvents.

 

Conclusion

Nanotechnology’s conclusion is that it a revolutionary, multidisciplinary field with the potential to transform medicine, electronics and environmental science by manipulating matter at the atomic scale. Nanotechnology refers to the branch of science and engineering devoted to designing, producing and using structures. It offering vast benefits like more effective drugs, smaller electronics and new solutions for environmental challenges, it also necessitate careful consideration of potential risks including toxicity and environmental impact. It also presents unresolved safety and environmental concerns that require careful management.